The toxicity of nanostructures is a complex issue. Some studies suggest that certain nanomaterials can induce oxidative stress, inflammation, and even DNA damage. The toxicity largely depends on factors such as size, shape, surface charge, and chemical composition. For instance, carbon nanotubes have been shown to cause lung inflammation, whereas silver nanoparticles might exhibit antimicrobial properties with varying toxicity levels. Comprehensive risk assessment is essential to determine the safety of specific nanostructures.
