The assessment of toxicity in consumer products involves several steps. Initially, the chemical ingredients are identified and risk assessment is performed. This process includes hazard identification, dose-response assessment, exposure assessment, and risk characterization. Toxicologists use various models and laboratory tests, including in vivo and in vitro testing, to predict potential health effects. Regulatory agencies such as the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) set guidelines and standards based on these assessments.
