How Do Radioactive Substances Affect Biological Systems?
Radioactive substances emit particles and energy in the form of ionizing radiation, which can damage cells at the molecular level. This damage often occurs in the form of DNA breaks, leading to mutations, cancer, and cell death. The extent of the damage depends on the type of radiation, exposure duration, and the biological system's sensitivity. Toxicologists study these interactions to develop safety standards and mitigate health risks associated with radiation exposure.
