How do Vital Signs Indicate Different Toxic Exposures?
Each vital sign can provide clues to different toxic exposures:
Heart Rate: Tachycardia can be caused by stimulants, anticholinergics, or withdrawal from sedatives, while bradycardia is often associated with beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, and digoxin. Blood Pressure: Hypertension may result from stimulants such as amphetamines, whereas hypotension could be due to sedatives, vasodilators, or severe dehydration. Respiratory Rate: An increased rate might indicate metabolic acidosis or pulmonary edema, whereas a decreased rate is common in depressant overdose. Body Temperature: Hyperthermia can occur with sympathomimetics and salicylates, while hypothermia might be seen in barbiturate or alcohol toxicity.
