Ethanol is a central nervous system depressant, which means it slows down brain function and neural activity. Upon ingestion, ethanol is absorbed into the bloodstream and metabolized primarily in the liver. The liver enzymes, alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase, convert ethanol into acetaldehyde and then to acetic acid, which is further broken down into carbon dioxide and water. While moderate consumption might not pose serious health risks for some individuals, excessive intake can lead to acute alcohol poisoning, characterized by confusion, vomiting, seizures, slow breathing, and potentially fatal consequences.
