Metabolic modification involves the enzymatic transformation of toxicants into less harmful compounds. This process is often mediated by phase I and phase II metabolic enzymes. Phase I reactions typically involve oxidation, reduction, or hydrolysis, while phase II reactions include conjugation with molecules like glutathione. These modifications enhance the solubility of toxicants, facilitating their excretion from the body. The upregulation of these enzymes can significantly increase an organism's resistance to toxins.
