The toxicity of pyocyanin primarily stems from its capacity to induce oxidative stress through the generation of ROS. This leads to oxidative damage to proteins, lipids, and DNA within host cells. Pyocyanin also disrupts cellular respiration by inhibiting the electron transport chain, further exacerbating oxidative stress. Moreover, it interferes with key cellular signaling pathways and immune responses, impairing the host's ability to combat infections.
