Diagnosing vCJD is challenging due to its rarity and the overlap of symptoms with other neurological disorders. Currently, diagnosis is based on clinical assessment, MRI findings, and cerebrospinal fluid tests. A definitive diagnosis requires brain biopsy or autopsy to identify the presence of prions. Newer diagnostic methods, such as the RT-QuIC assay, have shown promise in detecting prions in cerebrospinal fluid or other tissues with high specificity and sensitivity.
