In the field of toxicology, fumes and dust are crucial environmental and occupational hazards. Fumes are fine particles formed when a solid material is vaporized and then condenses in air. Common sources include welding, smelting, and chemical reactions. On the other hand, dust comprises solid particles ranging from a few micrometers to several millimeters in diameter. Dust can originate from various processes such as grinding, crushing, and other mechanical processes.
