Several in vivo techniques are commonly used in toxicology:
1. Acute Toxicity Studies: These assess the adverse effects of a single dose or multiple doses given within 24 hours. The objective is to determine the LD50 or the dose lethal to 50% of the test population.
2. Subchronic and Chronic Toxicity Studies: These involve repeated exposure over a longer duration to evaluate the effects of prolonged exposure. Such studies help in understanding potential chronic toxicity.
3. Carcinogenicity Studies: Aimed at identifying the potential of a substance to cause cancer, these studies are typically long-term and involve monitoring for tumor development.
4. Developmental and Reproductive Toxicity Studies: These assess the impact of substances on reproduction, including effects on fertility, embryonic development, and postnatal development.
5. Behavioral Studies: These focus on identifying neurotoxic effects by observing changes in behavior, cognitive functions, and motor skills.
