In the context of toxicology, the most common drug targets include:
Receptors: These are protein molecules that receive chemical signals from outside a cell. Binding of a drug to a receptor can activate or inhibit the receptor's associated signaling pathway. Enzymes: These proteins catalyze biochemical reactions. Drugs may inhibit or activate enzymes, influencing metabolic pathways and potentially leading to toxic effects. Ion Channels: These are pore-forming membrane proteins that help establish and control voltage gradients across the cell membrane. Drugs that alter ion channel function can disrupt cellular homeostasis. Transporters: These proteins move molecules across cellular membranes. Inhibition or activation of transporters can affect the distribution and excretion of substances, impacting toxicity.
