Phenol is known for its caustic properties, causing irritation and chemical burns upon contact with skin or eyes. Acute exposure can lead to systemic toxicity, affecting the central nervous system, cardiovascular system, liver, and kidneys. Symptoms of acute toxicity include headache, dizziness, tremors, and in severe cases, respiratory failure.
Chronic exposure to phenol has been associated with potential carcinogenic effects, though evidence is limited and primarily derived from animal studies. Occupational exposure limits are established to minimize the risk of long-term health effects.
