Snake venom is primarily composed of proteins and peptides, which include enzymes, toxins, and other molecules. The specific composition can vary significantly between species. Key components include:
Phospholipases: These enzymes break down cell membranes, leading to cell damage. Metalloproteinases: They degrade the extracellular matrix, causing hemorrhage and tissue damage. Neurotoxins: These affect the nervous system, potentially leading to paralysis. Hemotoxins: They disrupt blood clotting and cause tissue necrosis.
