1. Phase 1: Involves a small group of healthy volunteers to assess safety, dosage range, and side effects. 2. Phase 2: Expands to a larger group of individuals, including those with the disease or condition, to further evaluate safety and efficacy. 3. Phase 3: Involves an even larger group of participants to confirm effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare with standard treatments, and collect data to ensure safe usage. 4. Phase 4: Conducted after the product is marketed to gather additional information on long-term effects and overall safety in a larger population.
