What are the Toxicological Concerns with Desflurane?
Although generally safe when used correctly, desflurane has several toxicological concerns:
Neurotoxicity: Prolonged exposure to desflurane, especially in pediatric or elderly patients, may pose a risk of neurotoxicity. This is an area of ongoing research, examining potential long-term effects on cognitive function. Respiratory Effects: High concentrations of desflurane can irritate the airways, causing coughing and laryngospasm. Careful titration is necessary to minimize these effects. Hepatotoxicity: Rarely, volatile anesthetics, including desflurane, can lead to liver dysfunction. This is attributed to the production of trifluoroacetylated liver proteins, which may trigger immune-mediated liver damage. Malignant Hyperthermia: Desflurane can trigger malignant hyperthermia, a rare but life-threatening condition. This typically occurs in genetically susceptible individuals and requires immediate treatment with dantrolene.
