The condition can result from genetic, nutritional, and environmental factors. Genetic mutations, such as those in the MTHFR gene, can impair the metabolism of homocysteine, leading to its accumulation. Nutritional deficiencies in folate, vitamin B12, and vitamin B6 are known to disrupt homocysteine metabolism. Moreover, certain drugs and toxins can interfere with these metabolic pathways, exacerbating the condition.
