The primary concern with antifreeze is the presence of ethylene glycol, a highly toxic compound. When ingested, ethylene glycol is metabolized into toxic metabolites such as glycolic acid and oxalic acid. These metabolites can cause severe metabolic acidosis, damage to the kidneys, and even death if not treated promptly. Propylene glycol, on the other hand, is considered less toxic and is often used in food and pharmaceuticals, but it can still pose risks at high doses.
