Air purification systems typically employ several mechanisms to clean the air: - Filtration: HEPA filters are highly effective in trapping particulate matter, including dust, pollen, and pet dander. - Adsorption: Activated carbon filters are used to adsorb VOCs and other chemicals. - UV-C Light: Ultraviolet germicidal irradiation can deactivate bacteria, viruses, and mold spores. - Ionization: Ionizers release ions that attach to airborne particles, causing them to settle out of the air.