Nuisance pests can affect human health in various ways. For instance, mosquitoes are vectors for diseases such as malaria, dengue, and Zika virus. Flies can spread bacteria, including Salmonella and E. coli, by contaminating food and surfaces. Rodents are known to spread hantavirus and leptospirosis. These pests can cause allergic reactions through bites or by shedding skin and fecal matter, leading to respiratory issues. Understanding the toxicological implications of these pests is vital for developing effective control strategies.
