Optical technologies operate on principles such as spectroscopy, fluorescence, and absorption. These principles involve the interaction of light with molecules, resulting in the emission, absorption, or scattering of light. By analyzing these interactions, scientists can detect the presence of specific toxins and quantify their concentrations. For example, UV-Vis spectroscopy is commonly used to measure the absorbance of light by a sample, providing information about the concentration of a toxic substance.
