Toxicologists use various assays to assess DSBs and their repair:
Comet Assay: This technique measures DNA strand breaks in individual cells and can be adapted to detect DSBs specifically. γ-H2AX Foci Formation: The detection of γ-H2AX foci provides a sensitive method to identify and quantify DSBs. Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE): This method separates large DNA fragments and can be used to detect DSBs.
