Toxins can alter blood counts through various mechanisms. They may directly damage bone marrow, where blood cells are produced, or interfere with the maturation and function of blood cells. Some toxins, like benzene, are known to cause pancytopenia, a condition characterized by a reduction in RBCs, WBCs, and platelets. Others, such as lead, can inhibit enzymes crucial for hemoglobin synthesis, leading to anemia.
