The mechanism by which toxins induce diarrhea generally involves interference with the normal absorption and secretion processes in the intestines. Toxins can:
Alter Electrolyte Balance: By disrupting sodium and chloride channels, toxins can cause an electrolyte imbalance, leading to osmotic diarrhea. Damage Intestinal Cells: Cytotoxic agents can directly damage the epithelial cells lining the gut, impairing absorption and causing secretory diarrhea. Stimulate GI Motility: Some toxins increase the rate of intestinal transit, reducing the time available for water absorption, thus resulting in diarrhea.
