The process begins with the sensitization phase, where the immune system is exposed to an allergen, leading to the production of IgE antibodies. These antibodies bind to the surface of mast cells and basophils. Upon subsequent exposure to the same allergen, it binds to the IgE, causing the release of histamine and other inflammatory mediators. This release results in vasodilation, increased vascular permeability, and smooth muscle contraction, leading to the characteristic symptoms of hypersensitivity.
