PFOA is known to accumulate primarily in the liver, kidneys, and blood plasma. It can interfere with various biological processes, such as lipid metabolism and hormone regulation. The compound's long half-life in humans, estimated to be several years, contributes to its potential for bioaccumulation and chronic toxicity. The mechanisms of action by which PFOA induces toxicity are not fully understood, but it is thought to involve activation of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) and other nuclear receptors.
