The Golgi apparatus consists of a series of stacked membrane-bound sacs known as cisternae. It receives proteins and lipids from the endoplasmic reticulum and modifies them through glycosylation, phosphorylation, and sulfation. These modifications are crucial for the proper functioning of the proteins and lipids. The Golgi then sorts and packages these molecules into vesicles for transport to their respective destinations, such as lysosomes, the plasma membrane, or secretion outside the cell.
