How Does Xanthine Oxidase Contribute to Oxidative Stress?
Xanthine oxidase generates superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide as a result of its enzymatic activity. These ROS can cause lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation, and DNA damage, leading to cellular dysfunction and death. In pathophysiological conditions, the overproduction of ROS by xanthine oxidase exacerbates tissue injury and inflammatory responses, making it a target for therapeutic intervention in diseases characterized by oxidative stress.
