CINV can be classified into several types, each occurring at different times after chemotherapy administration:
Acute CINV: Occurs within the first 24 hours post-treatment and is mainly mediated by serotonin release. Delayed CINV: Occurs more than 24 hours after treatment, with substance P being a significant player. Anticipatory CINV: Triggered by psychological factors, occurring before treatment based on past experiences. Breakthrough CINV: Nausea and vomiting that occur despite prophylactic treatment. Refractory CINV: Occurs when all preventative measures fail.
