Lidocaine is metabolized primarily in the liver by the cytochrome P450 system, specifically by CYP3A4 and CYP1A2 enzymes. Its major metabolites include monoethylglycinexylidide (MEGX) and glycinexylidide (GX), which also have anesthetic properties. The elimination half-life of lidocaine is approximately 1.5 to 2 hours in healthy adults.
