Managing uncertainty is a critical component of risk assessment in toxicology. Scientists employ several strategies to address uncertainty:
Use of Safety Factors: Safety factors are applied to account for interspecies and intraspecies variability, ensuring that risk assessments remain protective of human health. Weight of Evidence Approach: Multiple lines of evidence, including epidemiological, animal, and in vitro studies, are integrated to form a comprehensive assessment of risk. Uncertainty Analysis: Quantitative methods such as probabilistic modeling are used to estimate and communicate the level of uncertainty in risk predictions. Precautionary Principle: In cases of significant uncertainty, regulatory actions may be taken to prevent potential harm, even if full scientific certainty is not achieved.
