What are Some Common Molecular Techniques Used in Toxicology?
Several molecular techniques are widely used in toxicology. Some of these include:
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR): PCR is used to amplify specific DNA sequences, allowing researchers to detect and quantify genetic changes induced by toxicants. Western Blotting: This technique helps in detecting specific proteins in a sample, providing insights into changes in protein expression levels due to exposure to toxic compounds. Mass Spectrometry: Mass spectrometry is employed to analyze the composition of chemical compounds and their metabolites, aiding in the identification of biomarkers of exposure. Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS): NGS allows for comprehensive genomic analysis, helping to identify mutations and alterations in gene expression profiles associated with toxicity. CRISPR-Cas9 Gene Editing: This powerful tool is used to study the functional role of specific genes in toxicity by creating targeted gene knockouts or modifications.
