There are various alternative models currently utilized in toxicology, each with its unique advantages and limitations:
In vitro models: These models utilize cultured cells and tissues to study toxic effects. They offer a controlled environment and can often be tailored to mimic human biology more accurately than animal models. In silico models: Computational approaches use algorithms and databases to predict toxicity. They can rapidly screen large numbers of chemicals and provide insights into possible mechanisms of action. Lower organisms: Organisms such as zebrafish or C. elegans offer simpler systems for studying toxicity. These models can provide information on whole-organism responses in a less ethically contentious manner. Organ-on-a-chip technology: This cutting-edge technology involves microfluidic devices that simulate human organ systems and their interactions, providing a more comprehensive view of toxicological impacts.
