1. Communication Barriers: Effective collaboration requires clear and consistent communication among all partners. Differences in terminology and jargon can sometimes hinder understanding. 2. Resource Sharing: Collaborators must agree on how to share resources, including funding, data, and laboratory space. This can be a point of contention if not managed properly. 3. Intellectual Property: Concerns about intellectual property rights and data ownership can complicate collaborative efforts. Clear agreements must be established from the outset to avoid disputes. 4. Cultural Differences: Different organizational cultures and priorities can influence the dynamics of collaboration. For example, academia may focus on publishing research, while industry may prioritize product development.