Ectoparasiticides can be classified into several chemical classes, each with distinct modes of action. Some of the main classes include:
Pyrethroids: These are synthetic analogs of natural pyrethrins and are widely used due to their rapid action and low mammalian toxicity. Organophosphates and carbamates: These inhibit acetylcholinesterase, causing an accumulation of acetylcholine in the nervous system. Avermectins: Derived from fermentation products of Streptomyces bacteria, these agents increase the permeability of cell membranes to chloride ions. Insect Growth Regulators (IGRs): These disrupt the development and metamorphosis of insects rather than killing them directly.
