What Role Does Mitochondrial Dysfunction Play in Toxicity?
The mitochondria are often referred to as the powerhouses of the cell because they generate most of the ATP. Mitochondrial dysfunction can result from exposure to various environmental toxins, pharmaceuticals, and heavy metals such as mercury and lead. These substances may cause oxidative stress, damage mitochondrial DNA, or interfere with the electron transport chain. Such disruptions can lead to decreased energy production, increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and eventual cell death.
