While nitrates are generally considered safe at low levels, excessive exposure can lead to adverse health effects:
Methemoglobinemia: Also known as "blue baby syndrome," this condition occurs when nitrates are converted to nitrites in the body. Nitrites can interfere with the blood's ability to carry oxygen, posing a risk to infants and pregnant women. Potential carcinogenicity: There is ongoing research into the potential of nitrates and nitrites to form N-nitroso compounds in the body, which are known carcinogens. Endocrine disruption: Some studies suggest that nitrates might disrupt the endocrine system, although evidence is still emerging.
