While 2D cell cultures offer several advantages, they also come with limitations. One significant drawback is the lack of tissue architecture and microenvironment, which can lead to discrepancies between in vitro and in vivo results. The flat, monolayer nature of 2D cultures fails to mimic the three-dimensional organization of cells in living tissues, resulting in altered cell behavior and drug responses. Additionally, 2D cultures often lack important cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions.
