What are the Major Toxicological Concerns with Cisplatin?
The primary toxicological concerns with cisplatin include nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity, neurotoxicity, and hematological toxicity.
- Nephrotoxicity is the most significant adverse effect, characterized by kidney damage due to the accumulation of cisplatin in renal proximal tubules. This toxicity is dose-dependent and can lead to acute kidney injury.
- Ototoxicity manifests as hearing loss, which can be irreversible. It occurs due to cisplatin-induced damage to the inner ear's hair cells.
- Neurotoxicity primarily affects peripheral nerves, leading to symptoms such as numbness and tingling in the extremities.
- Hematological toxicity includes myelosuppression, which results in decreased production of blood cells and increases the risk of infections and bleeding.
