In toxicology, palpitations can be caused by a variety of substances, including:
Stimulants like caffeine, cocaine, and amphetamines. Certain medications such as beta-agonists, thyroid hormones, and some antidepressants. Exposure to heavy metals such as lead and mercury. Environmental toxins like carbon monoxide and organophosphates. Withdrawal from substances like alcohol or benzodiazepines.
