Several factors can influence enzyme activity, impacting their efficiency in detoxification:
- Genetic Variability: Genetic polymorphisms in enzyme encoding genes can lead to variations in enzyme activity among individuals. For example, variations in the gene encoding for cytochrome P450 can result in different metabolic rates. - Environmental Factors: Exposure to other chemicals, diet, and lifestyle can induce or inhibit enzyme activity. For instance, smoking can induce certain cytochrome P450 enzymes, altering the metabolism of drugs. - Disease States: Conditions like liver disease can impair enzyme function, leading to decreased detoxification capacity.
