Several factors can influence the likelihood and severity of adverse biological reactions:
Dose: The amount of substance to which an organism is exposed is a critical determinant of toxicity. Generally, higher doses increase the risk of adverse effects. Exposure Duration: Short-term exposure might lead to acute effects, while chronic exposure can result in long-term health issues. Route of Exposure: The way a substance enters the body (inhalation, ingestion, dermal contact) can influence the type and severity of the reaction. Organism Susceptibility: Factors such as age, gender, genetic makeup, and pre-existing health conditions can affect how an organism responds to a chemical. Chemical Properties: The inherent properties of the chemical, such as its solubility, stability, and reactivity, play a role in its potential to cause harm.
