What is the role of oxidative stress in neurotoxicity?
Oxidative stress is a pivotal mechanism in neurotoxicity. It occurs when there is an imbalance between the production of free radicals and the body's ability to counteract their harmful effects. Many neurotoxic agents, such as heavy metals and pesticides, can induce oxidative stress by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS). These ROS can damage cellular components, including lipids, proteins, and DNA, leading to neuronal injury and cell death. The central nervous system (CNS) is particularly vulnerable due to its high oxygen consumption and relatively low antioxidant defenses.
