Several methods are employed in toxicity prediction, each with its strengths and limitations:
In silico methods: These involve using computer-based models to predict toxicity. Computational tools and machine learning algorithms analyze chemical structures and biological data to forecast potential toxic effects. In vitro methods: Laboratory-based techniques using cell cultures to study the toxic effects of chemicals. Although these methods can provide valuable data, they may not fully replicate the complexity of living organisms. In vivo methods: Animal testing is traditionally used to evaluate toxicity. These studies provide comprehensive data but raise ethical concerns and are costly and time-consuming.
