What Triggers Cellular Stress Response in Toxicology?
Cellular stress responses can be triggered by a variety of factors, including exposure to chemicals, radiation, and pathogens. Toxicants such as heavy metals, pollutants, and pharmaceuticals can induce stress by disrupting cellular processes. For instance, exposure to reactive oxygen species (ROS) can cause oxidative stress, while DNA-damaging agents can provoke a genotoxic stress response.
