Which Toxins Are Known to Affect the Cardiac Conduction System?
A variety of toxins are known to impact the cardiac conduction system. These include:
Digitalis glycosides: Overdose can lead to bradycardia and heart block due to increased vagal tone and direct effects on cardiac tissue. Certain antiarrhythmic drugs: While intended to manage arrhythmias, drugs like quinidine and sotalol can paradoxically cause arrhythmias, a phenomenon known as proarrhythmia. Cocaine: This stimulant increases the risk of arrhythmias by enhancing sympathetic nervous system activity and blocking sodium channels. Organophosphate pesticides: These agents inhibit acetylcholinesterase, leading to excessive parasympathetic activity and potentially fatal bradyarrhythmias. Heavy metals: Lead, mercury, and arsenic can disrupt the normal function of ion channels, leading to conduction abnormalities.
