The cardiac conduction system consists of the sinoatrial (SA) node, atrioventricular (AV) node, bundle of His, bundle branches, and Purkinje fibers. The SA node, located in the right atrium, acts as the heart's natural pacemaker, generating electrical impulses that travel through the atria to the AV node. From there, the impulse travels through the bundle of His and divides into left and right bundle branches, eventually reaching the Purkinje fibers, which stimulate the ventricles to contract. This coordinated pathway ensures that the heart beats in a rhythmic and synchronized manner.
