The process of analyzing biological samples involves several sophisticated techniques:
Chromatography: Techniques such as gas chromatography (GC) and liquid chromatography (LC) are used to separate and identify compounds within a sample. Mass Spectrometry: Often used in conjunction with chromatography, mass spectrometry (MS) helps in determining the molecular composition of substances. Spectroscopy:Spectroscopic methods, such as infrared (IR) and ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, are utilized to identify and quantify toxins based on their interaction with light. Immunoassays: These are biochemical tests that use the reaction of an antibody with its antigen to detect specific substances, such as drugs or hormones.
