Toxins can interfere with the cytoskeleton in various ways, including:
Microtubule Disruption: Certain toxins, such as colchicine and taxol, bind to tubulin, affecting microtubule polymerization or stabilization, which can disrupt cell division and intracellular transport. Actin Filament Alteration: Toxins like phalloidin bind to actin filaments, preventing their depolymerization, while others, like cytochalasins, inhibit actin polymerization, affecting cell movement and signaling. Intermediate Filament Disruption: Some heavy metals and oxidative stress-inducing agents can alter the structure of intermediate filaments, impacting cell integrity and resilience to mechanical stress.
