Oxidative stress occurs when there is an imbalance between free radicals and antioxidants in the body. This imbalance can lead to cellular damage, particularly in the retina, which is highly susceptible due to its high oxygen consumption and light exposure. Chronic oxidative stress can damage the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and photoreceptors, contributing to the progression of AMD. Understanding the role of oxidative stress in AMD emphasizes the importance of antioxidants in potentially mitigating the effects of environmental toxins.
