Several approaches are employed to determine the MoA of a toxic substance:
In vitro studies: These experiments are conducted using cells or tissues in a controlled environment outside a living organism. They are useful for identifying cellular targets and biochemical pathways affected by the substance. In vivo studies: These involve testing the substance on living organisms, such as animals, to observe the overall physiological and toxicological effects. Omics technologies: Techniques like genomics, proteomics, and metabolomics can provide comprehensive data on the molecular changes induced by the toxicant. Computational models: These models use algorithms and databases to predict the MoA based on existing data and theoretical frameworks.
